Abstract
Background
Diet is known to have an important impact on cardiovascular health. n-3 Fatty acids
(FAs), found in high quantity in fish oil, have demonstrated beneficial effects in
patients with coronary artery disease. The role of n-6 FAs remains more controversial.
The objective of this study was to examine the effect of arachidonic acid (AA), an
n-6 FA, and eicosapentanoic acid (EPA), an n-3 FA, on the interaction between monocytes
and endothelial cells (ECs).
Design
We used a cellular model of ECs (EA.hy.926) and monocytes (human leukemic myelomonocytic
U937). Confluent ECs were treated with AA or EPA, in the presence of tumor necrosis
factor-alpha (TNF-α) or vehicle alone for either 4 or 24 h. Adhesion of monocytes to the endothelial monolayer was performed. For gene expression,
reverse transcription, followed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction,
was performed.
Results
There was a significant increase in adhesion of monocytes to the endothelial monolayer
in the presence of n-6 FAs, both in the presence and in the absence of TNF-α at 4 and
24 h. The adhesion of monocytes to the endothelial monolayer was decreased with n-3 FAs
at 24 h. Intercellular adhesion molecule 1, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, E-Selectin,
Interleukin 6, and TNF-α were significantly increased in ECs treated with n-6 FAs.
Conclusions
We conclude that AA increases inflammation and enhances the ability of ECs to bind
monocytes in vitro. EPA leads to a decrease in the ability of EA.hy.926 to bind monocytes, although
the effect appears more modest. Taken together, these data indicate that the n-6 FA
AA could potentiate inflammation and early events of atherosclerosis.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 30, 2012
Received in revised form:
March 21,
2012
Received:
February 3,
2012
Identification
Copyright
Published by Elsevier Inc.
