Abstract
Background
When studied in enterocyte-like cell lines (Caco-2 and RIE cells), agonists and antagonists
of the sweet taste receptor (STR) augment and decrease glucose uptake, respectively.
We hypothesize that exposure to STR agonists and antagonists in vivo will augment glucose absorption in the rat.
Materials and methods
About 30-cm segments of jejunum in anesthetized rats were perfused with iso-osmolar
solutions containing 10, 35, and 100 mM glucose solutions (n = 6 rats, each group) with and without the STR agonist 2 mM acesulfame potassium
and the STR inhibitor 10 μM U-73122 (inhibitor of the phospholipase C pathway). Carrier-mediated
absorption of glucose was calculated by using stereospecific and nonstereospecific
14C-d-glucose and 3H-l-glucose, respectively.
Results
Addition of the STR agonist acesulfame potassium to the 10, 35, and 100 mM glucose
solutions had no substantive effects on glucose absorption from 2.1 ± 0.2 to 2.0 ±
0.3, 5.8 ± 0.2 to 4.8 ± 0.2, and 15.5 ± 2.3 to 15.7 ± 2.7 μmoL/min/30-cm intestinal
segment (P > 0.05), respectively. Addition of the STR inhibitor (U-73122) also had no effect
on absorption in the 10, 35, and 100 mM solutions from 2.3 ± 0.1 to 2.1 ± 0.2, 7.7
± 0.5 to 7.2 ± 0.5, and 15.7 ± 0.9 to 15.2 ± 1.1 μmoL/min/30-cm intestinal segment,
respectively.
Conclusions
Provision of glucose directly into rat jejunum does not augment glucose absorption
via STR-mediated mechanisms within the jejunum in the rat. Our experiments show either
no major role of STRs in mediating postprandial augmentation of glucose absorption
or that proximal gastrointestinal tract stimulation of STR or other luminal factors
may be required for absorption of glucose to be augmented by STR.
Keywords
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Journal of Surgical ResearchAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Acute enterocyte adaptation to luminal glucose: a posttranslational mechanism for rapid apical recruitment of the transporter GLUT2.J Gastrointest Surg. 2012; 16: 312
- The diffusive component of intestinal glucose absorption is mediated by the glucose-induced recruitment of GLUT2 to the brush-border membrane.Biochem J. 2000; 350: 155
- Na(+)-D-glucose cotransporter SGLT1 is pivotal for intestinal glucose absorption and glucose-dependent incretin secretion.Diabetes. 2012; 61: 187
- The taste cell-related diffuse chemosensory system.Prog Neurobiol. 2005; 75: 295
- Enteroendocrine cells: a site of 'taste' in gastrointestinal chemosensing.Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2008; 15: 73
- Glucose transporters are expressed in taste receptor cells.J Anat. 2011; 219: 243
- Mechanism of glucose sensing in the small intestine.Biochem Soc Trans. 2003; 31: 1140
- Luminal glucose sensing in the rat intestine has characteristics of a sodium-glucose cotransporter.Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2006; 291: G439
- Taste-signaling proteins are coexpressed in solitary intestinal epithelial cells.Chem Senses. 2007; 32: 41
- Human receptors for sweet and umami taste.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002; 99: 4692
- Effect of the artificial sweetener, acesulfame potassium, a sweet taste receptor agonist, on glucose uptake in small intestinal cell lines.J Gastrointest Surg. 2013; 17: 153
- Sweet taste receptors in rat small intestine stimulate glucose absorption through apical GLUT2.J Physiol. 2007; 582: 379
- Mechanisms of glucose uptake in intestinal cell lines: role of GLUT2.Surgery. 2012; 151: 13
- An energy supply network of nutrient absorption coordinated by calcium and T1R taste receptors in rat small intestine.J Physiol. 2009; 587: 195
- Gut chemosensing: interactions between gut endocrine cells and visceral afferents.Auton Neurosci. 2010; 153: 41
- Glucose sensing and signalling; regulation of intestinal glucose transport.Proc Nutr Soc. 2011; 70: 185
- Cephalic reflexes: their role in digestion and possible roles in absorption and metabolism.J Nutr. 1987; 117: 1191
- Lack of effect of sucralose on glucose homeostasis in subjects with type 2 diabetes.J Am Diet Assoc. 2003; 103: 1607
- Glycemic effect of a single high oral dose of the novel sweetener sucralose in patients with diabetes.Diabetes Care. 1996; 19: 1004
- Effect of the artificial sweetener, sucralose, on small intestinal glucose absorption in healthy human subjects.Br J Nutr. 2010; 104: 803
Article info
Publication history
Published online: March 13, 2013
Accepted:
February 19,
2013
Received in revised form:
February 15,
2013
Received:
October 11,
2012
Identification
Copyright
© 2013 Elsevier Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
