E-Only Articles
Curcumin Protects Against Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Rats
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of curcumin on sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in rats, and explore its possible mechanisms. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following five experimental groups (n = 20 per group): animals undergoing a sham cecal ligature puncture (CLP) (sham group); animals undergoing CLP (control group); or animals undergoing CLP and treated with vehicle (vehicle group), curcumin at 50 mg/kg (low-dose curcumin [L-Cur] group), or curcumin at 200 mg/kg (high-dose curcumin [H-Cur] group).At 6, 12, 24 h after CLP, blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue were collected.Pretreatment of Rho Kinase Inhibitor Inhibits Systemic Inflammation and Prevents Endotoxin-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice
Systemic inflammatory mediators play an important role in the development of sepsis. In this study, we analyzed the role of Rho kinase in the activation of immune response and acute lung injury in a mouse model of sepsis.Ethyl Pyruvate Reduces Acute Lung Injury Via Regulation of iNOS and HO-1 Expression in Endotoxemic Rats
Ethyl pyruvate (EP) has been shown to attenuate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and suppression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression provide cytoprotection in lung and vascular injury. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether the beneficial effect of EP on lung inflammation is related to HO-1 induction in a rat model of LPS-induced ALI.Models of Lower Extremity Damage in Mice: Time Course of Organ Damage and Immune Response
Post-traumatic inflammatory changes have been identified as major causes of altered organ function and failure. Both hemorrhage and soft tissue damage induce these inflammatory changes. Exposure to heterologous bone in animal models has recently been shown to mimic this inflammatory response in a stable and reproducible fashion. This follow-up study tests the hypothesis that inflammatory responses are comparable between a novel trauma model (“pseudofracture”, PFx) and a bilateral femur fracture (BFF) model.Comparison of “Open Lung” Modes with Low Tidal Volumes in a Porcine Lung Injury Model
Ventilator strategies that maintain an “open lung” have shown promise in treating hypoxemic patients. We compared three “open lung” strategies with standard of care low tidal volume ventilation and hypothesized that each would diminish physiologic and histopathologic evidence of ventilator induced lung injury (VILI).Glycyrrhizin Treatment Is Associated with Attenuation of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Inhibiting Cyclooxygenase-2 and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression
Glycyrrhizin (GL), a major active constituent of licorice root, has been attributed numerous pharmacologic effects, including anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-tumor, and hepatoprotective activities. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of GL on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice. ALI was induced in Balb/c mice by intratracheal instillation of LPS (1 mg/kg). Before 1 h of LPS administration, the mice received intraperitoneal injection of GL at varied doses (10, 25, and 50 mg/kg).Hydrogen-Rich Saline Provides Protection Against Hyperoxic Lung Injury
Hydrogen has been proven to be a novel antioxidant through its selectively reducing of the hydroxyl radical. In this study, we investigated the effects of hydrogen-rich saline on the prevention of acute lung injury induced by hyperoxia (HALI) in rats.Activated Protein C and Normal Saline Infusion Might Prevent Deleterious Effects of Remote Acute Lung Injury Caused by Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion: An Experimental Study in the Rat Model
Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion is a common medical event associated with both clinical and experimental distant organ injury. In particular, the lung tissue appears to be susceptible to injury resulting from systemic inflammatory mediator activation. Drotrecogin α (activated) or recombinant human activated protein C has antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory, and profibrinolytic properties. We hypothesized that APC infusion would decrease lung inflammation and ameliorate lung injury resulting from intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IIR).
